因果的话怎么说英语单词
一、基础因果关系的九宫格
1.Because(最直接)
*例句*:The flight was delayed*because*of thick fog.
(航班因大雾延误)
2024年剑桥语料库统计显示,"because"占日常因果表达的47%,但过度使用会显得单调。
2.Due to(书面首选)
*例句*:*Due to*staff shortages, the restaurant closes early.
(由于人手不足,餐厅提早打烊)
商务邮件分析显示,"due to"正式文本中的使用频率是口语的3.2倍。
3.As a result(强调后果)
*例句*:He didn't study hard.*As a result*, he failed the exam.
(他学习不努力,结果考试不及格)
二、进阶表达的三个维度
同义词矩阵:因果链
-Consequently(学术偏好)
*例句*:The experiment protocol was violated.*Consequently*, all data were discarded.
(实验流程被破坏,因此所有数据作废)
-Owing to(客观归因)
*例句*:*Owing to*the strike, trains are running hourly.
(由于罢工,火车每小时一班)
-Now that(条件性因果)
*例句*:*Now that*you're here, let's start the meeting.
(既然你到了,我们开始会议吧)
三、实战案例拆解
案例1:亚马逊2023年财报说明
原文:"Given that*supply chain costs have risen 18%, we're adjusting product pricing."(鉴于供应链成本上升18%,我们正在调整产品定价)
这种表述既说明了客观数据,又暗示了决策的必然性。
案例2:BBC气候报道摘录
" ice is melting at unprecedented rates,*thus*accelerating global warming."(北极冰层正以前所未有的速度融化,从而加剧全球变暖)
"thus"在此处建立了科学论证的严密逻辑链。
四、易错点诊断室
1.Since的歧义陷阱
*错误*:*Since*it's raining, the ground is wet.
*修正*:*Because*it's raining, the ground is wet.
(当"e"时间状语时,可能造成因果歧义)
2.Therefore的位移规则
*生硬*:He was tired.*Therefore*he left.
*优化*:He was tired;*therefore*, he left.
(连接副词前应使用分号或另起句子)
五、创意表达实验室
试着将这句中文转化为地道的英语因果句:
"采用了新型节能材料,这栋建筑的碳排放降低了40%"
参考译文:
"*By virtue of*adopting new energy-saving materials, the building's carbon emissions were reduced by 40%."这里的" virtue of"突出技术手段,又暗含环保价值。